Satkosia Tiger Reserve: A Wildlife Sanctuary in Odisha

Satkosia Tiger Reserve, located in the heartland of Odisha, is a paradise for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts. Spanning across four districts—Angul, Cuttack, Boudh, and Nayagarh—this reserve is one of India’s most diverse and ecologically significant tiger reserves. It is an integral part of the Mahanadi Elephant Reserve and is home to rich biodiversity, including the majestic tiger, elephant, leopard, and endangered gharial.

Why Visit Satkosia Tiger Reserve?

1. Unique Biogeographical Location – Satkosia is the meeting point of two biogeographic regions, the Deccan Peninsula and the Eastern Ghats, making it a biodiversity hotspot.
2. Rich Wildlife – The reserve hosts tigers, leopards, elephants, spotted deer, wild dogs, sloth bears, jackals, and porcupines, along with 161 species of birds, 27 species of reptiles, and 183 species of fish.
3. Scenic Landscape – The hilly terrain, river valleys, and lush green forests create a mesmerizing backdrop for wildlife photography and adventure.
4. Home to Endangered Species – The freshwater crocodile and gharial, both critically endangered, thrive in the Satkosia Gorge.
5. Adventure and Eco-Tourism – From thrilling boat safaris on the Mahanadi River to trekking through dense forests, Satkosia offers an immersive wildlife experience.

Geographical Features of Satkosia

• Total Area: 963.87 sq. km.
  • Core/critical tiger habitat: 523.61 sq. km.
  • Buffer/peripheral area: 440.26 sq. km.
• Elevation: Ranges from 37 m (Katrang) to 932 m (Sunakhania, the highest peak).
• Landscape: Hilly terrain with moderate to steep slopes and narrow valleys.
• Major River: The Mahanadi River flows through the middle of the reserve, forming the famous Satkosia Gorge.

Flora and Fauna

Flora:

Satkosia’s forests include North Indian tropical moist deciduous forests and moist peninsular low-level sal forests. The dominant tree species include:

• Sal (Shorea robusta) – Forms dense forests in gregarious formations.
• Asan (Terminalia alata), Dhaura (Anogeissus latifolia), Bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus), Simal (Bombax ceiba).
• Teak Plantations – Older plantations are found in certain buffer zones.
• More than 126 tree species, 98 shrubs, 125 herbs, and 561 climber species have been documented in the reserve.

Fauna:

• Mammals: Tigers, leopards, elephants, spotted deer, barking deer, sambar, wild boar, bison, sloth bear, giant squirrel, jackal, wild dog, porcupine.
• Reptiles: Endangered gharial and freshwater crocodile, along with pythons, king cobras, and various lizards.
• Birds: Over 161 bird species, including Indian pitta, serpent eagle, and hornbills.
• Fish: The Mahanadi River hosts 183 species of fish, making it a crucial aquatic ecosystem.

Tiger Status:

According to the 2010 country-level assessment, Satkosia had an estimated 8 tigers (range: 7-9), along with a significant number of resident tigers in the nearby Angul, Athagarh, Nayagarh, and Boudh divisions.

Best Things to Do in Satkosia

1. Wildlife Safari – Spot tigers, elephants, leopards, and deer in their natural habitat.
2. Boat Safari on Mahanadi River – Experience the breathtaking Satkosia Gorge while spotting gharial and freshwater crocodiles.
3. Trekking and Nature Walks – Explore scenic trails through sal forests and river valleys.
4. Birdwatching – A paradise for bird lovers with over 161 species recorded.
5. Eco-tourism Camps & Camping – Enjoy a rustic stay in eco-cottages and tents amidst nature.

How to Reach Satkosia Tiger Reserve?

By Train:

• Nearest Railway Stations: Angul (60 km), Cuttack (120 km)

By Road:

• From Bhubaneswar: 130 km via NH55 (~3.5 hours drive)
• From Angul: 60 km (~1.5 hours drive)
• From Cuttack: 120 km (~3 hours drive)

Where to Stay?

Accommodation Options in and around Satkosia:

1. Eco-tourism Camps:
   • Tikarpada Eco Camp
   • Badmul Eco Retreat
   • Baliput Jungle Camp
2. Forest Rest Houses: Available at key entry points.
3. Budget Hotels: Available in Angul and Cuttack for those preferring city stays.

Estimated Budget for Satkosia Trip

Activity	Cost(Rs)
Travel (from Bhubaneswar)	Rs. 2000
Accommodation (2 Nights)	Rs. 3,500 – Rs. 6,000
Safari & Entry Fees	Rs. 1500
Food (per day)	Rs. 800 – Rs. 1,200
Miscellaneous	Rs. 1,000
Total	Rs. 8,800 – Rs. 12,700

Travel Tips for Satkosia

1. Best Time to Visit: November to March (pleasant weather, best wildlife sightings).
2. Carry Essentials: Binoculars, insect repellent, sunscreen, and comfortable trekking shoes.
3. Follow Forest Rules: No loud music, avoid littering, and maintain silence during safaris.
4. Book in Advance: Eco-tourism camps and safaris require pre-booking.
5. Stay Hydrated & Carry Snacks: Facilities inside the reserve are limited.

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